The wideband designs had very limited applications because extremely low impedance crystals were required which were only available at certain frequencies. ![]() In Mason’s paper he describes a “narrowband” design which is useful for bandwidths up to about 0.4% of center frequency and a “wideband” design for bandwidths of about 2% to 6% of center frequency. Mason published the results of his work on crystal filters which were developed for use in frequency-division-multiplex telephone systems. The use of multiple crystals in ladder and lattice configurations was proposed in the late 1920’s and in 1934 Walter P. The first use of quartz crystals as filter elements was suggested by Walter Cady in 1922 in his paper “The Piezo-Electric Resonator”, although in the initial conception a single crystal only was used as a very narrow bandwidth coupling element. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from IEEE. ![]() ![]() Personal use of this material is permitted. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium © 1998 IEEE.
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